Abstract
Liquid biopsy (LB) is clinically utilized to detect minute amounts of genetic material
or protein shed by cancer cells, most commonly cell free DNA (cfDNA), as a noninvasive
precision oncology tool to assess genomic alterations to guide cancer therapy or to
detect the persistence of tumor cells after therapy. LB is also being developed as
a multi-cancer screening assay. The use of LB holds great promise as a tool to detect
lung cancer early. Although lung cancer screening (LCS) with low-dose computed tomography
(LDCT) substantially reduces lung cancer mortality in high-risk individuals, the ability
of current LCS guidelines to reduce the public health burden of advanced lung cancer
through early detection has been limited. LB may be an important tool to improve early
lung cancer detection among all populations at risk for lung cancer. In this systematic
review, we summarize the test characteristics, including sensitivity and specificity
of individual tests, as they pertain to the detection of lung cancer. We also address
critical questions in the use of liquid biopsy for early detection of lung cancer
including: 1. How might liquid biopsy be used to detect lung cancer early; 2. How
accurate is liquid biopsy in detecting lung cancer early; and 3. Does liquid biopsy
perform as well in never and light-smokers compared with current and former smokers.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: January 26, 2023
Accepted:
January 17,
2023
Received in revised form:
January 6,
2023
Received:
November 6,
2022
Publication stage
In Press Journal Pre-ProofIdentification
Copyright
© 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
